What is Attention Hyperactivity Disorder? ADHD is a developmental disorder and, according to estimates, it affects about 5% of the population in in the UK. Those with ADHD find it difficult to control attention and behaviour, and are likely to come across as absent-minded, fidgety and impulsive (Hulme et al., 2009). However, it is also the case that adults with ADHD experience ‘hyperfocus’, especially with activities that they find interesting and gratifying.
Occasionally, individuals with ADHD appear to behave inappropriately and unpredictably (for instance, they may interrupt conversation excessively, make aggressive or out of place comments, get irritable, be impatient and quick-tempered, and fail to take in feedback).
Those who do not display a hyperactive behaviour are more likely to have problems with focusing; they tend to be easily distracted and dreamy, lose track of time when dealing with tasks, and fail to pay attention to details, often missing key points in conversations.
People with ADHD tend to be artistic, creative, intuitive and inventive.
At times, autistic traits can co-occur with ADHD. Individuals with autism appear to behave in an unusual manner because of their inflexible thinking, preference for fixed routines, and poor social / communication skills and imagination (Hulme et al., 2009). They are usually of average and above average intelligence, and have good language abilities; however, they tend to miss the nuances of communication and fail to understand jokes and hidden meanings. About 1 in 200 people are likely to have some form of autism.
Individuals who have Asperger’s syndrome are in the Autistic Spectrum Condition (ASC) but are ‘high functioning’ since they have learned social interaction skills. Nonetheless, occasionally, they may find social interaction challenging and become anxious, especially when they feel that they cannot cope (Hulme et al., 2009: 285).
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